The research analyzes the potential impacts of future coal mine closures on workers and communities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, focusing on labor market and budgetary implications, particularly at the local level. It aims to provide policy-relevant insights to help design strategies that mitigate the social and employment effects of decarbonization. Guided by the principles of Just Transition outlined in the EU’s Green Agenda and Investment Plan for the Western Balkans, the study emphasizes inclusive and socially just climate action.
Coal mine closures will significantly affect firms and workers, with some businesses shrinking—especially those unable to adapt—while others may grow. These impacts, although potentially balanced at the national level, are likely to be unevenly distributed in regions heavily dependent on coal. Therefore, targeted policies, support programs, and investments in sustainable industries are essential to promote economic diversification and job creation.
A successful transition requires proactive local and national planning that considers regional disparities and provides tailored support. The chapter outlines the study’s methodology, baseline indicators, projected impacts, and policy recommendations aimed at ensuring a fair and sustainable transition for the most affected communities.